{"id":38467,"date":"2026-04-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2024\/?p=38467"},"modified":"2026-04-22T18:15:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T21:15:25","slug":"una-historieta-china","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2024\/2026\/04\/23\/una-historieta-china\/","title":{"rendered":"Una historieta china"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Luis Z\u00fa\u00f1iga<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La cultura china es muy rica, pero cuando su historia se combina con la pol\u00edtica suelen surgir abundantes f\u00e1bulas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1949, cuando la guerrilla comunista de Mao Zedong luchaba por el poder, China estaba gobernada por la \u201cRep\u00fablica de China\u201d. Ten\u00eda 38 a\u00f1os de existencia, una Constituci\u00f3n aprobada por el pueblo, reconocimiento diplom\u00e1tico internacional y su condici\u00f3n de pa\u00eds fundador de Naciones Unidas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A finales de ese a\u00f1o, las guerrillas de Mao, con apoyo sovi\u00e9tico, forzaron al gobierno de la Rep\u00fablica de China (conocida hoy como Taiw\u00e1n) a mover su cede de Pek\u00edn hacia el sur, y luego a las islas de Taiw\u00e1n y Pescadores. All\u00ed, el gobierno y sus fuerzas militares resistieron todos los ataques de la guerrilla mao\u00edsta, sin que pudieran derrotarlos ni ocupar las islas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tanto Taiw\u00e1n como Islas Pescadores continuaron siendo territorios de la Rep\u00fablica de China. Y hasta hoy, 76 a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s, han mantenido su gobierno, su soberan\u00eda y su integridad territorial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Es un hecho indiscutible que las rep\u00fablicas se fundan en el territorio que ocupan f\u00edsicamente, y la Rep\u00fablica Popular China la fund\u00f3 Mao Zedong en noviembre de 1949, sin que ocupara nunca el territorio de Pescadores y Taiw\u00e1n. Consecuentemente, estas nunca pertenecieron ni formaron parte del r\u00e9gimen dirigido desde Pek\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por estas verdades hist\u00f3ricas incuestionables, es absurdo que el l\u00edder comunista Xi Jinping reclame a Taiw\u00e1n como \u201cparte\u201d de la Rep\u00fablica Popular China. O que declare, como hizo recientemente en un encuentro con opositores taiwaneses, que \u201cla reunificaci\u00f3n (con Taiw\u00e1n) es una necesidad hist\u00f3rica\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esas \u201cversiones\u201d de Xi Jinping no son m\u00e1s que \u201cun cuento chino\u201d, que no tiene sustentaci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica. Ellos usan la ret\u00f3rica de \u201crep\u00edtelo y rep\u00edtelo\u201d, para que la gente se lo crea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las nuevas generaciones en Taiw\u00e1n han desarrollado un vida educacional, cultural y c\u00edvica diferente a la de China comunista. La juventud taiwanesa ya se identifica m\u00e1s como \u201ctaiwanesa\u201d que como china continental. Sus libertades y derechos los diferencian sustancialmente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desde 1949, las dos rep\u00fablicas con apellido \u201cChina\u201d han coexistido, al igual que las dos Corea. En ambas experiencias hist\u00f3ricas, las fuerzas comunistas trataron de apoderarse de todo el territorio, pero patriotas anticomunistas lucharon y lo evitaron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Es menester recordar tambi\u00e9n que, despu\u00e9s de creada la Rep\u00fablica Popular, el reconocimiento pol\u00edtico y diplom\u00e1tico internacional lo mantuvo la Rep\u00fablica de China (Taiw\u00e1n), incluyendo el asiento en Naciones Unidas. No fue hasta 1971 que la Uni\u00f3n Sovi\u00e9tica pudo conseguir que los numerosos reg\u00edmenes no democr\u00e1ticos votaran una resoluci\u00f3n que le arrebat\u00f3 la representaci\u00f3n a Taiw\u00e1n y le entreg\u00f3 el asiento a su aliado comunista chino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otra verdad hist\u00f3rica es que Pek\u00edn y Taiw\u00e1n han seguido caminos pol\u00edticos opuestos. La Rep\u00fablica Popular se convirti\u00f3 en una dictadura comunista que no respeta los derechos ni las libertades fundamentales. Para mantener el sistema, hizo vivir a los chinos las dos etapas m\u00e1s sangrientas en la historia de la humanidad: El Gran Salto Hacia Adelante (1958-1962), que dej\u00f3 un saldo de 35 millones de v\u00edctimas, y la Revoluci\u00f3n Cultural (1966-1976), con 30 millones m\u00e1s de muertos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ambos casos, cientos de miles de personas fueron enviadas a campos de concentraci\u00f3n para ser \u201creeducadas\u201d pol\u00edticamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por su parte, Taiw\u00e1n se convirti\u00f3 desde hace 30 a\u00f1os en una naci\u00f3n democr\u00e1tica con elecciones libres y multipartidistas y pleno respeto por los derechos fundamentales. Su prensa es considerada la m\u00e1s libre de toda Asia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La juventud taiwanesa no olvida tampoco c\u00f3mo Xi Jinping y el Partido Comunista se burlaron de los acuerdos firmados con el Reino Unido para respetar la autonom\u00eda de Hong Kong. En cuanto el r\u00e9gimen chino entr\u00f3, la autonom\u00eda desapareci\u00f3, encarcelaron a los que protestaron contra la militarizaci\u00f3n y las figuras pol\u00edticas m\u00e1s destacadas terminaron en la c\u00e1rcel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los taiwaneses saben que si Xi Jinping se apodera de su isla, lo ocurrido en Hong Kong se repetir\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* Luis Z\u00fa\u00f1iga es analista pol\u00edtico y exdiplom\u00e1tico.<\/sub><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Luis Z\u00fa\u00f1iga La cultura china es muy rica, pero cuando su historia se combina con la pol\u00edtica suelen surgir abundantes f\u00e1bulas. En 1949, cuando la guerrilla comunista de Mao Zedong luchaba por el poder, China estaba gobernada por la \u201cRep\u00fablica de China\u201d. Ten\u00eda 38 a\u00f1os de existencia, una Constituci\u00f3n aprobada por el pueblo, reconocimiento […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":38468,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":[],"jnews_food_recipe":[],"enable_food_recipe":"","food_recipe_title":"","food_recipe_description":"","food_recipe_serve":"","food_recipe_time":"","food_recipe_prep":"","food_recipe_level":"","food_recipe_keywords":"","food_recipe_category":"","food_recipe_cuisine":"","food_recipe_yield":"","food_recipe_calories":"","enable_print_recipe":"","ingredient":[],"instruction":"","jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_paywall_metabox":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"jnews_podcast_option":[],"jnews_podcast_series":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[207,831,2403,689],"jnews-series":[],"ppma_author":[830],"class_list":["post-38467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analisis","tag-china","tag-destacada","tag-noticias-del-mundo","tag-taiwan"],"yoast_head":"\nUna historieta china - Informate Py Creemos en la libertad de expresi\u00f3n y en la capacidad de la gente de reflexionar\u00a0por\u00a0si\u00a0misma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2024\/2026\/04\/23\/una-historieta-china\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Una historieta china - Informate Py Creemos en la libertad de expresi\u00f3n y en la capacidad de la gente de reflexionar\u00a0por\u00a0si\u00a0misma\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Por Luis Z\u00fa\u00f1iga La cultura china es muy rica, pero cuando su historia se combina con la pol\u00edtica suelen surgir abundantes f\u00e1bulas. 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