{"id":31538,"date":"2025-04-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-30T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2024\/?p=31538"},"modified":"2025-04-29T20:05:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T23:05:12","slug":"cuando-el-ambientalismo-se-convierte-en-barrera-comercial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2024\/2025\/04\/30\/cuando-el-ambientalismo-se-convierte-en-barrera-comercial\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuando el ambientalismo se convierte en barrera comercial"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Por Minerva Machado<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En su reciente intervenci\u00f3n ante la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, el presidente de la Rep\u00fablica del Paraguay, Santiago Pe\u00f1a<\/strong>, puso sobre la mesa un debate clave para las econom\u00edas emergentes: \u00bfpueden los pa\u00edses desarrollados seguir imponiendo reglas comerciales globales bajo pretextos ambientales o sanitarios, sin considerar el impacto desigual que generan?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Con claridad y firmeza, Pe\u00f1a se\u00f1al\u00f3 que muchas de las normas actuales del comercio internacional est\u00e1n \u201csesgadas o dise\u00f1adas en beneficio de las econom\u00edas m\u00e1s desarrolladas\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, las cuales no solo negocian desde una posici\u00f3n de poder, sino que adem\u00e1s disfrazan sus medidas proteccionistas como regulaciones de defensa ambiental o de salud p\u00fablica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Como ejemplo concreto, cit\u00f3 el Reglamento 2023\/1115 de la Uni\u00f3n Europea<\/strong>, una normativa recientemente adoptada que impone requisitos estrictos a las importaciones de productos como carne bovina, soja, cacao, caf\u00e9, entre otros. Esta legislaci\u00f3n exige que dichos productos est\u00e9n libres de deforestaci\u00f3n, lo que implica la trazabilidad total de su origen y la certificaci\u00f3n de que no han sido cultivados en tierras deforestadas despu\u00e9s del 31 de diciembre de 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A primera vista, la intenci\u00f3n ambiental de esta medida puede parecer loable. Sin embargo, detr\u00e1s de su ret\u00f3rica verde se esconde una realidad m\u00e1s cruda: esta clase de barreras t\u00e9cnicas representan un nuevo rostro del proteccionismo econ\u00f3mico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un nuevo proteccionismo disfrazado de sostenibilidad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El verdadero problema radica en que este tipo de medidas, aunque justificadas por preocupaciones leg\u00edtimas, no surgen del consenso multilateral, sino de decisiones unilaterales de pa\u00edses o bloques con mayor capacidad de presi\u00f3n. Y lo que es m\u00e1s grave: ponen sobre los hombros de los pa\u00edses en desarrollo una carga desproporcionada que muchos productores peque\u00f1os y medianos no est\u00e1n en condiciones de asumir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para cumplir con estas exigencias, un exportador paraguayo deber\u00e1 implementar complejos sistemas de trazabilidad, certificaciones internacionales, auditor\u00edas externas y mecanismos tecnol\u00f3gicos avanzados, lo cual representa una barrera econ\u00f3mica formidable<\/strong>. Mientras tanto, grandes empresas europeas, con acceso a capital, tecnolog\u00eda y asesoramiento legal, se posicionan como las \u00fanicas capaces de adaptarse al nuevo r\u00e9gimen, consolidando su hegemon\u00eda y reduciendo la competencia externa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La defensa de un comercio m\u00e1s justo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La intervenci\u00f3n del presidente Pe\u00f1a no fue un acto de confrontaci\u00f3n, sino un llamado a la coherencia y al equilibrio. Paraguay, un pa\u00eds comprometido con la producci\u00f3n sostenible y la defensa del medioambiente, rechaza la imposici\u00f3n de normas que ignoran las realidades locales y socavan el principio de equidad en el comercio internacional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1s que oponerse a la protecci\u00f3n de los bosques, lo que el mandatario propone es un di\u00e1logo verdaderamente multilateral que incluya a los pa\u00edses productores en el dise\u00f1o de las reglas globales, brindando adem\u00e1s asistencia t\u00e9cnica, transferencia de tecnolog\u00eda y condiciones realistas para una transici\u00f3n sostenible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su posici\u00f3n refleja una visi\u00f3n moderna, soberana y articulada del papel que Paraguay quiere ocupar en el escenario global: no como receptor pasivo de normas externas, sino como un actor respetado, capaz de defender sus intereses sin renunciar al desarrollo sostenible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Minerva Machado En su reciente intervenci\u00f3n ante la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, el presidente de la Rep\u00fablica del Paraguay, Santiago Pe\u00f1a, puso sobre la mesa un debate clave para las econom\u00edas emergentes: \u00bfpueden los pa\u00edses desarrollados seguir imponiendo reglas comerciales globales bajo pretextos ambientales o sanitarios, sin considerar el impacto desigual que 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