{"id":18998,"date":"2023-05-18T11:28:43","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T14:28:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2022\/?p=18998"},"modified":"2023-05-18T11:28:50","modified_gmt":"2023-05-18T14:28:50","slug":"surinam-cayo-en-la-trampa-china-como-el-gigante-asiatico-asfixia-al-pais-mas-pequeno-de-sudamerica-con-una-deuda-impagable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informatepy.com\/2022\/2023\/05\/18\/surinam-cayo-en-la-trampa-china-como-el-gigante-asiatico-asfixia-al-pais-mas-pequeno-de-sudamerica-con-una-deuda-impagable\/","title":{"rendered":"Surinam cay\u00f3 en la trampa china: c\u00f3mo el gigante asi\u00e1tico asfixia al pa\u00eds m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o de Sudam\u00e9rica con una deuda impagable"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La ex colonia holandesa, que atraviesa una grave crisis econ\u00f3mica, no puede devolver los cr\u00e9ditos del Banco de Exportaci\u00f3n e Importaci\u00f3n de China y la intransigencia de Beijing le impide acceder a un paquete de alivio del FMI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surinam<\/strong>, una naci\u00f3n de unos 600.000 habitantes situada en la costa nororiental de Sudam\u00e9rica, atraviesa una grave crisis econ\u00f3mica y social. El c\u00f3ctel explosivo incluye recesi\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica, inflaci\u00f3n y una crisis descontrolada de deuda p\u00fablica.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agobiado, el pa\u00eds recurri\u00f3 al\u00a0Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI)<\/strong>\u00a0en busca de asistencia financiera. Como contrapartida,\u00a0se comprometi\u00f3 a implementar reformas econ\u00f3micas y reestructurar su deuda<\/strong>. Pero los USD 700 millones que destin\u00f3 el Fondo para aliviar la pesada carga siguen sin desembolsarse debido a que\u00a0el Banco de Exportaci\u00f3n e Importaci\u00f3n de China (China Exim Bank) se niega a negociar una reestructuraci\u00f3n de la deuda que Surinam tiene con \u00e9l.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNo hay informaci\u00f3n sobre las conversaciones bilaterales con China\u201d<\/em>:<\/strong>\u00a0esa es la frase que m\u00e1s se repite en los pasillos del FMI y en el gobierno de Surinam cuando se consulta sobre las negociaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adem\u00e1s de China, acreedor del 17% de la deuda p\u00fablica de Surinam<\/strong>, el pa\u00eds le debe un 40% de su deuda a tenedores de bonos privados y bancos comerciales y un 25% al Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Salvo con China, todas las negociaciones avanzaron.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El\u00a0Club de Par\u00eds<\/strong>, una agrupaci\u00f3n de pa\u00edses acreedores logr\u00f3 alcanzar un acuerdo de reestructuraci\u00f3n en junio de 2022. Como muestra de su compromiso,\u00a0India\u00a0<\/strong>tambi\u00e9n se sum\u00f3 al acuerdo en enero de 2023, sumando a\u00fan m\u00e1s apoyo internacional a los esfuerzos de recuperaci\u00f3n del pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El mi\u00e9rcoles pasado, inform\u00f3\u00a0Reuters<\/em>, Surinam tambi\u00e9n alcanz\u00f3 un principio de acuerdo con su comit\u00e9 de\u00a0acreedores de eurobonos<\/strong>. El pacto para reestructurar los dos bonos pendientes de Surinam en d\u00f3lares incluye un \u00fanico t\u00edtulo de 650 millones de d\u00f3lares a 10 a\u00f1os con un tipo de inter\u00e9s del 7,95%, lo que supone un \u201crecorte del 25% sobre el total de los reclamos\u201d<\/em><\/strong>. El acuerdo proporcionar\u00e1 al pa\u00eds m\u00e1s de 900 millones de d\u00f3lares de alivio del flujo de caja entre 2020 y 2026. Entre los miembros del comit\u00e9, que posee alrededor del 75% de los bonos en circulaci\u00f3n, se encuentran Franklin Templeton Investment Management Limited, Eaton Vance Management, Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co LLC, Greylock Capital Management LLC y T. Rowe Price.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y a medida que Surinam avanza en su proceso de reestructuraci\u00f3n de deuda, se espera que el BID<\/strong> tambi\u00e9n se sume a este pacto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pero en Beijing nadie atiende el tel\u00e9fono<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El Banco de Exportaciones e Importaciones de China prest\u00f3 casi 800 millones de d\u00f3lares en seis cr\u00e9ditos, entre 2008 y 2019<\/strong>. El dinero, en un cl\u00e1sico del gobierno de Xi Jinping<\/strong>, deb\u00eda destinarse a la construcci\u00f3n de varias infraestructuras, como carreteras, viviendas y la ampliaci\u00f3n del aeropuerto de la capital, Paramaribo<\/strong>. Claro que no supuso m\u00e1s empleo para los surinameses, sino que todos los proyectos que impulsa China siempre son con empresas chinas, ingenieros chinos, trabajadores chinos y equipo chino\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y ahora Surinam no puede devolver los pr\u00e9stamos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El contexto se agrava porque si el gigante asi\u00e1tico no se sienta a conversar no llegar\u00e1 el alivio que tanto necesita el pa\u00eds, sumido en una crisis econ\u00f3mica y social, con focos de violencia en las calles. De hecho,\u00a0sin avances en esa negociaci\u00f3n bilateral, Surinam no puede acceder a los USD 700 millones del FMI.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 2021, el FMI implement\u00f3 el plan para alentar a los acreedores internacionales a reestructurar la abrumadora carga de la deuda de Surinam. En este tipo de situaciones, el FMI suele requerir que los pa\u00edses deudores presenten un plan detallado sobre c\u00f3mo tienen la intenci\u00f3n de reembolsar a sus acreedores, a menudo a trav\u00e9s de medidas de austeridad. Una vez que el pa\u00eds cumple con el plan, el FMI desembolsa gradualmente los fondos del pr\u00e9stamo.<\/strong> Este enfoque garantiza que el FMI no cubra los d\u00e9ficits de los pa\u00edses de manera incondicional, permitiendo as\u00ed disponer de suficientes recursos para ayudar a otros pa\u00edses en necesidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surinam negoci\u00f3 con todos, pero con el \u00fanico con el que no logra avances de ning\u00fan tipo es con China.<\/strong>\u00a0La actitud intransigente es conocida en el mundo – principalmente en \u00c1frica y Asia- como\u00a0\u201cla trampa de la deuda china\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beijing despliega su poder econ\u00f3mico, logra posicionarse en regiones que le interesan para hacer contrapeso a las potencias occidentales, y cuando los pa\u00edses no puedan pagar, se apodera de sus activos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los prestamistas chinos se atrincheran y se mantienen firmes especialmente con los pa\u00edses que no est\u00e1n en el foco medi\u00e1tico… Como Surinam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 busca China con la demora de esta negociaci\u00f3n? Beijing podr\u00eda estar detr\u00e1s de la ilusi\u00f3n del pa\u00eds m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o de Sudam\u00e9rica: los nuevos yacimientos petroleros marinos<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

China sigue con atenci\u00f3n lo que sucede en Guyana<\/strong>, vecina de Surinam, donde tambi\u00e9n se descubrieron yacimientos marinos y la producci\u00f3n de petr\u00f3leo se acelera. All\u00ed el PIB creci\u00f3 un 62,3% en 2022 y el FMI vaticin\u00f3 que la deuda p\u00fablica caer\u00e1 al 24,1% en 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya hay quienes relacionan la negativa china a negociar una reestructuraci\u00f3n de deudas con los descubrimientos petroleros surinameses\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infobae<\/sub><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La ex colonia holandesa, que atraviesa una grave crisis econ\u00f3mica, no puede devolver los cr\u00e9ditos del Banco de Exportaci\u00f3n e Importaci\u00f3n de China y la intransigencia de Beijing le impide acceder a un paquete de alivio del FMI Surinam, una naci\u00f3n de unos 600.000 habitantes situada en la costa nororiental de Sudam\u00e9rica, atraviesa una grave […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18999,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[14],"tags":[181,871,1739,1907],"ppma_author":[1037],"class_list":{"0":"post-18998","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-mundo","8":"tag-china","9":"tag-destacada","10":"tag-deuda-publica","11":"tag-surinam"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"\nSurinam cay\u00f3 en la trampa china: c\u00f3mo el gigante asi\u00e1tico asfixia al pa\u00eds m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o de Sudam\u00e9rica con una deuda impagable - Informatepy.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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